Navigating the risks of hydroclimatic extremes for freshwater ecosystem services in forest landscape

Abstract -

Europe’s freshwater ecosystems, from wetlands to rivers, are essential for biodiversity and human well-being. A significant number of these ecosystems are located within forest landscapes, which in turn constitute the largest portion of the EU’s land cover and host most of the terrestrial biodiversity. These forests vary in structure across Europe, with Northern Europe having larger, more expansive and often denser stands, while the South has typically sparser and more fragmented forests. What they share, however, is the complex and multifaceted way forest and freshwater ecosystems are interconnected and mutually dependent. [...]

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